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Astrosols

Cosmic dust and small particles of meteorites differ from terrestrial aerosols not only in composition and origin. The main difference is different. In a gas-free rarefied outer space, a new type of aerosol arises - from only one dispersed phase in the absence of a dispersion medium. Space aerosols in gasless space are proposed to be called astrosols. A similar name is not yet generally accepted, but nevertheless, along with other names of aerosol systems (for example, fog, smog, etc.), it emphasizes the specificity of this type of aerosol. Compared to aerosols, in which gas serves as a dispersion medium, a number of properties are not manifested in astrosols, others are modified; at the same time, purely specific properties arise. There is no Brownian motion - there is no Brownian coagulation (i.e., coagulation due to collisions between particles, which would lead to their coalescence, increase in size and sedimentation). In addition, diffusion is also impossible, i.e., a spontaneous process of the transition of aerosol particles from a region of a higher concentration to a region of a lower concentration. Thermophoresis is also impossible, which is caused by the unequal kinetic energy of the cold and warmer gas molecules.


There is no gas pressure and the resistance of the gas medium to the movement of particles is excluded. In a deep vacuum, the evaporation processes are sharply intensified, and astrosols in the form of liquid droplets cannot exist. Vacuum significantly accelerates sublimation, i.e., the transition of solid particles into a gaseous state. Therefore, in the interplanetary medium can exist only those aerosol particles that are resistant to sublimation. In the absence of a gaseous atmosphere, the surface of the particles is exposed, i.e., there is no layer of adsorbed gas molecules on it, which is always present on aerosol particles surrounded by a gas dispersion medium (as well as on any other surface). The bare surface is very active. It is no accident that under these conditions the adhesion (adhesion) of aerosol particles to various surfaces (spacesuits, individual parts of spacecraft, etc.) is unusually high. American astronauts have found that the surface of spacesuits dusted in outer space in the spacecraft’s cabin is not cleaned with conventional vacuum cleaners. Rayleigh light scattering characteristic of aerosols is also inherent in astrosols. https://www.ezgame88.com















































































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